Ricciardo made a statement on the track by qualifying fifth for Red Bull junior team RB on Saturday, then took aim at Villeneuve.
"I still don't know what he said, but I heard he's been talking ... but he always does," Ricciardo said.
"I think he's hit his head a few too many times, I don't know if he plays ice hockey or something."
According to reports, he also said “suck it” during an interview with Sky Sports.
Villeneuve, the 1997 F1 champion and son of racing great Gilles Villeneuve, ranted about Ricciardo in a Sky Sports television broadcast.
"Why is he still in F1?" Villeneuve said.
"We're hearing the same thing now for the last four, five years — we have to make it better for him, poor him. It's been five years of that. Sorry, no, you're in F1.
"Maybe you make that effort for Lewis Hamilton, who's won multiple championships. You don't make that effort for a driver that can't cut it. Can't cut it? Go home, there's someone else who can take your place."
Ricciardo won the last of his eight career F1 victories in 2021. The 34-year-old Australian raced to his first F1 victory 10 years ago in Montreal.
"I've, obviously, been highly motivated to do more than I have been this year," Ricciardo said.
"I know how good those results feel, and that's why I do it, to feel those highs.
"Coming into the week everything felt right. I was really happy to come back to this circuit and drive here because I love it. Today's 10 years to the day of my first win, and that day changed my life. So there's just a lot of nice emotions coming into it."
While Ricciardo doesn't have a deal set for next season, RB said Saturday that fellow driver Yuki Tsunoda will remain with the team.
With AAP.